Nanomechanically-induced nonequilibrium quantum phase transition to a self-organized density wave of a Bose-Einstein condensate

Nanomechanically-induced nonequilibrium quantum phase transition to a self-organized density wave of a Bose-Einstein condensate

Blog Article

We report on a nonequilibrium quantum phase transition (NQPT) in a hybrid quantum many-body system consisting of a vibrational mode of a damped nanomembrane interacting optomechanically with a ECHINACEA cavity, whose output light couples to two internal states of an ultracold Bose gas held in an external quasi-one-dimensional box potential.For small effective membrane-atom couplings, the system is in a homogeneous Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) steady state, with no membrane displacement.Depending on the transition frequency between the two internal atomic states, either one or both internal states are occupied.By increasing the atom-membrane couplings, the system transitions to a symmetry-broken self-organized BEC phase, which is Teeth Whiteners characterized by a considerably displaced membrane steady-state and density-wave-like BEC profiles.

This NQPT can be both discontinuous and continuous for a certain interval of transition frequencies and is purely discontinuous outside of it.